a.k.a. Systolic HF

• EF < 50%
• Heart is too weak
• Eccentric Hypertrophy
• LV dilation
• Volume overload

Common Etiology

Ischemic:

• CAD → *** Most common cause for HFrEF**

Non-ischemic:

• Cardiomyopathy
  • infection,
  • Alcohol (RF)
  • Cocaine
  • Chemotherapy
  • True CTD
  • endocrine diseases
  • Mal-nutrition
• Severe Valvular Diseases
• ↑ Tachycardia (>150)

Management: Chronic HFrEF

Behavioural/Preventative (used parallel w/ medication)

• Limit fluid and salt intake
• Monitor weight (drastic change indicate congestion)
• Exercise
• Treat co-morbidity

Medication (improve survival)