Physiology

Brain Vasculature

Etiology

1. Large Vessels atherosclerosis
   • e.g. Carotid Disease
   • e.g. Thrombosis (intracranial CVD - Atherosclerosis disease)
2. Cardioembolic events
   • e.g. !AFib - Atrial Fibrillation
   • Fat embolism (Trauma/ATLS )
   • Septic emboli (!IE - Infectious Endocarditis)
3. Small vessel occlusion
   • e.g. !Lacunar Stroke (MCA)
4. Other causes
   • Venous thrombosis → !CVST - Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis
   • Genetic causes
5. Undetermined causes
   • Usually Carotid Artery Dissection

RF

• Vascular Risk Factors
• Cardiac risk factors
  • Cardiomyopathy
  • Valvular Diseases
• Virshow’s Triad

Presentation and Localization

Anterior Circulation DDx (ICA)

!Embolic Stroke

!MCA Stroke

Carotid Artery Dissection

Posterior Circulation DDx (VA)

!PCA Stroke