
| Causes / Risk Factors | Presentation | Investigations |
|---|---|---|
| Surgical/pharmacologic: abdominal surgery, opioids |
Patient factors: electrolyte imbalances, immobility, sepsis, peritoneal irritation, spinal cord injury, metabolic acidosis | Nausea, vomiting, abdominal distension, decreased bowel sounds, no flatus or stool, can't tolerate diet | Electrolytes, BUN, creatinine, abdominal x-ray series |

| Self-recover | |
|---|---|
| Small Intestine | 0-24 hr |
| Gastric | 24-48 hr |
| Colonic | 48-72 hr |
