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Common Indication

Abdominal distension, Abdominal Pain

Process

Examination needs to be done from the RIGHT side

• Can ask the examiner to change the bed arrangement

Draping

• arms at side, laying flat, abdominal muscles relaxed
• Expose: nipple line → ASIS
  • “Tug the sheet into the pants”

Inspection

• General Inspection
• Shape
  • Flat (normal)
  • Protuberant or Distended (Ascites)
  • Scaphoid (Cachexia)
• SEADS (symmetry, swelling, erythema, atrophy, deformity, scars)
  • Scars:
    • C-section Scar
    • Gen Surg. Scar
    • Small Scars around bellybutton -> for laproscopic scars
• Jaundice (skin, sclera, frenulum of the tongue)
• Bulging flank (Ascites , fat)
• Dilated veins
  • Caput medusae
• Abdominal ecchymoses
  • Indicative of intra-abdominal or retroperitoneal hemorrhage
  • Cullen’s sign
  • Grey Turner’s sign
• Abnormal movement, visible organs, masses, or pulsation

The abdomen is scaphoid, there is no abnormal movement or pulsations. I don’t see any skin abnormality or pigmentation.

The abdomen was Protuberant. There was a midline vertical scar at hypergastric region and a transverse surgical wound at hypogastric region. There was no swelling, erythema, atrophy, deformity, jaundice, ascites, ecchymoses, dilated vein, abnormal movement or pulsations.