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‣

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Additional Presentation

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Symptoms that are unlikely to improve from medication

DDx

	BPSD	‣
Hallucination	Visual	Auditory
Character	Mis-identification of caregiver,
Eventual remission of psychosis	+ delusion, suicidal ideation, Hx of psychosis
Anti-psychotic (D2i) Dosage	15-20% of younger adult dose, temporary	40-60% of younger adult dose, LT

Management

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Care-giver advice

Here are some tips for communicating with a loved one with dementia:

Get their attention
Connect - Don’t Correct
Redirect
Ask simple questions
State your message clearly
Break it down if needed
Give two choices instead of open-ended answers
Warn before touching, follow their lead

Pharmacological strategies

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** Anti-psychotic (D2i) is approved by Health Canada for short-term treatment to control aggression or psychotic symptoms in severe dementia of the Alzheimer type.

Non-pharmacological strategies are more effective than medications for responsive behaviours.

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	Prefer	Avoid
VERY PSYCHOACTIVE	‣, ‣, ‣	‣
SEDATING EFFECT	‣, ‣	‣,‣
UNABLE TO TAKE BY MOUTH	Sublingual (‣, ‣)→ IM
‣ OR ‣	‣	‣, ‣, ‣ (1st gen.)
QTc Prolonged	Loxapine, ‣ , ‣

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