Airways are dilated and “floppy” → collapses easily, especially during cough

Bronchospasm

Relevant Physiology

Etiology

Focal (infectious)

• Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB - Tuberculosis)
• NTM - Non-Tuberculous mycobateria infection
• Pertusis (Whooping cough)
• Mycoplasm → Pneumonia
• Post-obstruction → Post-Obstructive Pneumonia

Diffuse

• CF - Cystic Fibrosis
• PCD - Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia
• Immunodeficiency
• SARD
• True CTD
• IBD

Pathogenesis

Presentation