Unit: mmol
| Main Regulatory Organ(s) | Main Absorption Site(s) | Main Secretion Site(s) |
|---|---|---|
| Kidney (RAAS, sympathetic tone, natriuretic peptides), to lesser degree skin & GI | Small intestine (jejunum, ileum via Na⁺-glucose, Na⁺-Cl⁻ cotransporters); kidney (proximal tubule reabsorbs ~65%, thick ascending limb ~25%, distal tubule + collecting duct under aldosterone) | Kidney (collecting duct principal cells under ANP, pressure natriuresis); sweat glands; GI losses (diarrhea, vomiting) |
| Acute Causes | Conditions | Key Medications | |
|---|---|---|---|
| ‣ | ↑ICFV | ‣ (‣, ‣, Kidney Diseases | ‣ |
| ‣ | ↓**ICFV** |