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Severity

Remember to correct Ca Calcium (2.2-2.5) by Albumin (40)

<aside> 💡 Corrected Ca = measured Ca + 0.02 * (40 - measured Albumin)

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• 2.5 = low-grade

• ≥ 3 = moderate → Require intervention
• ≥ 3.5 = Severe → Require intervention

Full Symptoms:

<aside> 💡 Stones, Bones, Abdominal Groans, Psychiatric Overtone

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• Stones: Nephrolithiasis , Dehydration
• Bones: OP - Osteoporosis, Pathological Fracture , Bone Pain (cancer)
• Abdominal Groans: GI-symptom
  • Abdominal Pain →Diffused Abdominal Pain
  • Constipation
  • N/V - Nausea/vomitting
• Psychiatric overtone:
  • Confusion
  • low energy & concentration (Depression Symptom)
• Other associated symptoms

Etiology and DDx

PTH-dependent ↑Ca (High or inappropriately normal PTH Serum)

PTH-independent ↑Ca (near-zeroPTH Serum)