Full Risk factors

Highlight = Modifiable

Top 5 - dose dependent and cumulative

Vascular Risk Factors, Metabolic syndrome, FHx

1. Smoking (RF)
   • Risk return to baseline 2-3 yr after cessation (<55 for male, <65 for female)
2. DLD - Dyslipidemia ↑
3. T2DM
4. HTN
5. FHx of premature CAD in young pt
   • “cardiac event in first-degree relative (<55 for male, <65 for female)”

Other Modifiable

• Alcohol (RF)
• Central Obesity
• Sedentary lifestyle

Non-modifiable

• Older Adult > 65 (RF) (> 50)
• Low Estrogens
  • Gender (Male ) (lack of E2)
  • Menopause (lack of E2)
  • PCOS
• PHx of !Stroke (CVA) / TIA (indicating pre-existing CVD - Atherosclerosis)
• ACE - Adverse Childhood Event
  • physical and sexual violence in childhood and adulthood

Mimickers

• Other causes of CP - Chest Pain

Screening/Prognosis

Framingham (PCP)

HEART Score (ER)

Investigations

• Investigation
  • Functional (Exercise Stress Test + ECG) & Structural Test (MIBG )
• Investigation
  • Troponin (ED, acute, unstable)
  • ECG, CBC,
  • PPT (aPPT) , PT/INR (<1), CXR - Chest X ray, Echocardiogram

Classification

Untitled